Research

References & Sources

2988 sources, sorted alphabetically by first author. Page 46 of 50.

Treas, J., Mazumdar, S. (2004). Kinkeeping and Caregiving: Contributions of Older People in Immigrant Families. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 35(1), 105-122.
Cited in
- The Grandparent Worry You Don't Talk About: Anxiety About Getting It Right
  Documented role disruption in immigrant grandparents and the adaptation pattern of grieving expected roles while finding culturally specific new contributions.
Tremblay, G.C. & Israel, A.C. (1998). Children's Adjustment to Parental Death. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 5(4), 424-438.
Cited in
- When Loss Makes Everything Scary: Grief and the Anxious Child
  Found that parental avoidance of death-related discussions predicted elevated child anxiety, establishing the behavioral mechanism through which well-intentioned avoidance amplifies grief-related anxiety.
Trew, J.L. & Alden, L.E. (2015). Kindness Reduces Avoidance Goals in Socially Anxious Individuals. Motivation and Emotion, 39(6), 892-907.
Cited in
- The Bystander's Dilemma: Why Anxiety Stops You From Helping
  Provided the key evidence that socially anxious individuals show fewer prosocial behaviors despite equivalent empathic concern, establishing the empathy-action gap as a behavioral inhibition problem rather than an emotional deficit.
Tromholt, M. (2016). The Facebook Experiment: Quitting Facebook Leads to Higher Levels of Well-Being. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 19(11), 661-666.
Cited in
- The Social Media Detox Protocol
  Largest experimental study of Facebook abstinence, showing that heavy users, passive users, and those who envy others benefit most from reduction.
Trompetter, H.R., Ten Klooster, P.M., Schreurs, K.M.G., Fledderus, M., Westerhof, G.J., & Bohlmeijer, E.T. (2013). Measuring Values and Committed Action With the Engaged Living Scale (ELS): Psychometric Evaluation in a Nonclinical and Chronic Pain Sample. Psychological Assessment, 25(4), 1235-1246.
Cited in
- Values Clarification: What Matters More Than Anxiety?
  Provided convergent validity for values-behavior measurement through the Engaged Living Scale, supporting the finding that values-behavior gaps predict distress across populations.
Tross, S.A. & Maurer, T.J. (2008). The Effect of Coaching Interviewees on Subsequent Interview Performance in Structured Experience-Based Interviews. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 81(4), 589-605.
Cited in
- Interview Anxiety: What Hiring Research Says About Nervous Candidates
  Showed that structured practice interviews with feedback reduce both self-reported anxiety and observer-rated anxious behaviors more than general preparation alone.
- Job Interview Practice: Scripts and Structures for Anxious Candidates
  Provided direct evidence that structured mock interviews with feedback reduce both self-reported anxiety and observer-coded anxious behaviors more than general preparation alone.
Trull, T.J., & Ebner-Priemer, U. (2013). Ambulatory Assessment. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 9, 151-176.
Cited in
- Track It for Seven Days Without Fixing It: A Practice for Understanding Your Pattern
  Validated that seven-day EMA protocols with three or more daily assessments achieve adequate reliability for detecting within-person affect patterns, establishing the optimal duration for self-monitoring.
Tsai, G., Gastfriend, D.R., & Coyle, J.T. (1995). The Glutamatergic Basis of Human Alcoholism. American Journal of Psychiatry, 152(3), 332-340.
Cited in
- The Night After Drinking: Why Alcohol Makes Anxiety Worse the Next Day
  Articulated the glutamate rebound mechanism: NMDA receptor upregulation during alcohol clearance creates the hyperexcitable state that underlies hangover anxiety.
Tsao, J.C.I., & Craske, M.G. (2000). Timing of Treatment and Return of Fear: Effects of Massed, Uniform-, and Expanding-Spaced Exposure Schedules. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68(1), 114-122.
Cited in
- What If You Could Make Months of Progress in Days?
  Directly compared massed versus distributed exposure, finding that the massed group showed less return of fear at follow-up, suggesting concentrated practice may produce more resilient learning.
Tso, I.F., Rutherford, S., Fang, Y., Angstadt, M., & Taylor, S.F. (2018). The 'Social Brain' Is Highly Sensitive to the Mere Presence of Social Information. PLOS ONE, 13(4), 417-429.
Cited in
- Coming Back After Isolation: How to Rebuild Social Confidence When the World Feels Too Big
  Demonstrated that the brain's social processing networks, including amygdala reactivity, are highly sensitive to changes in social input volume, supporting the mechanism by which social deprivation recalibrates threat perception upward.
Tugade, M.M., Fredrickson, B.L., & Barrett, L.F. (2004). Psychological Resilience and Positive Emotional Granularity. Journal of Personality, 72(6), 1161-1190.
Cited in
- Name It to Tame It: Why Labeling Your Emotions Calms You Down
  Linked emotional granularity to psychological resilience, showing that people who differentiate their emotions more precisely bounce back from stressful events faster and more completely.
Tulbure, B.T., Szentagotai, A., et al. (2015). Internet-Delivered Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder. PLOS ONE, 71(1), 5-17.
Cited in
- Therapy With Others: Why the Group Format Has a Hidden Advantage
  Validated telehealth CBGT with effect sizes comparable to face-to-face delivery (d > 1.0), expanding access while acknowledging that naturalistic social exposure may be partially attenuated online.
Turkle, S. (2015). Reclaiming Conversation: The Power of Talk in a Digital Age. Penguin Press.
Cited in
- The 2012 Cliff: When Smartphones Replaced Conversation
  Provided the qualitative foundation for understanding HOW smartphone ubiquity changed conversation, documenting the 'flight from conversation' and the dual displacement of both social time and social quality.
- 5 Days Without Screens Made Kids Better at Reading Emotions
  Provided qualitative analysis of how digital communication changes conversational depth and social skill development, complementing the quantitative findings with observational evidence about how screen presence reshapes face-to-face interaction patterns.
Turner, R.H. (1978). The Role and the Person. American Journal of Sociology, 84(1), 1-23.
Cited in
- Having People Over: The Particular Anxiety of Being the Host
  Developed role theory explaining how role salience increases the cognitive and emotional resources allocated to role performance, providing the framework for understanding host-specific anxiety as role-driven.
Tversky, A. & Kahneman, D. (1991). Loss Aversion in Riskless Choice: A Reference-Dependent Model. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 106(4), 1039-1061.
Cited in
- Your Savings Are Real: Working Through Financial Anxiety in Retirement
  Extended prospect theory to everyday decisions, demonstrating the endowment effect that makes retirees value accumulated savings beyond their objective worth.
Twenge, J.M., Spitzberg, B.H., & Campbell, W.K. (2019). Less in-Person Social Interaction with Peers Among U.S. Adolescents in the 21st Century and Links to Loneliness. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 36(6), 1892-1913.
Cited in
- The 2012 Cliff: When Smartphones Replaced Conversation
  Provided the quantitative backbone for the 2012 inflection point, showing a 24% decline in in-person socializing from 2009-2017 using Monitoring the Future data, with the sharpest acceleration after 2011-2012.
Twenge, J.M., Martin, G.N., & Spitzberg, B.H. (2019). Trends in U.S. Adolescents' Media Use, 1976-2016: The Rise of Digital Media, the Decline of TV, and the (Near) Demise of Print. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 8(4), 329-345.
Cited in
- The 2012 Cliff: When Smartphones Replaced Conversation
  Documented the media-use crossover point during 2011-2013 when digital screen time surpassed in-person social time for 12th graders, establishing the displacement pattern.
Twenge, J. M., Joiner, T. E., Rogers, M. L., & Martin, G. N. (2018). Increases in depressive symptoms, suicide-related outcomes, and suicide rates among U.S. adolescents after 2010 and links to increased new media screen time. Clinical Psychological Science, 6(1), 3-17.
Cited in
- Teen Social Media and Anxiety: What the Longitudinal Studies Show
  Analysis of Monitoring the Future data showing teens with 5+ daily screen hours were 66% more likely to have a depression risk factor, providing the ecological trend data central to the strong-effect argument.
- The Group Chat She Wasn't In: Social Media Pressure Before Age 13
  Documented the temporal coincidence between smartphone saturation and increases in youth psychological distress, providing population-level context.
- Screens at Bedtime Aren't the Only Problem: A Research-Based Look at Screen Time and Child Anxiety
  Documented the dose-response pattern showing wellbeing declining more steeply after two or more hours of daily passive screen use, providing the quantitative basis for the displacement model.
Twohig, M.P. & Levin, M.E. (2017). Acceptance and Commitment Therapy as a treatment for anxiety and depression: A review. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 40(4), 751-770.
Cited in
- Cognitive Defusion: Watching Your Thoughts Like Leaves on a Stream
  Reviewed ACT component research and identified defusion and acceptance as the two most consistently supported mechanisms of change, noting that defusion effects appear rapidly and persist at follow-up.
Tyagi, A., & Cohen, M. (2016). Yoga and Heart Rate Variability: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature. International Journal of Yoga, 9(2), 97-113.
Cited in
- Yoga for Anxiety: What 25 Years of Research Actually Shows
  Comprehensive review establishing consistent HRV improvements from yoga practice, supporting the autonomic regulation mechanism for yoga's anxiolytic effects.
Tyrer, P., Cooper, S., Crawford, M., et al. (2011). Prevalence of Health Anxiety Problems in Medical Clinics. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 71(6), 392-394.
Cited in
- Health Anxiety in Older Adults: When Every Symptom Feels Like a Warning
  Found that nearly 20 percent of patients screened across cardiology, respiratory, neurological, endocrine, and gastrointestinal clinics had significant health anxiety, with neurology clinics showing the highest rate.
Tyrer, P. (2018). Recent Advances in the Understanding and Treatment of Health Anxiety. Current Psychiatry Reports, 20(7), 49.
Cited in
- Health Anxiety in Older Adults: When Every Symptom Feels Like a Warning
  Proposed the health anxiety spectrum concept, from neglect through appropriate vigilance to pathological anxiety, providing a framework for understanding proportion rather than presence/absence.
Uebelacker, L.A., Epstein-Lubow, G., Gaudiano, B.A., et al. (2010). Hatha Yoga for Depression: Critical Review of the Evidence for Efficacy, Plausible Mechanisms of Action, and Directions for Future Research. Journal of Psychiatric Practice, 16(1), 22-33.
Cited in
- Yoga and Anxiety Relief
  Reviewed plausible mechanisms by which hatha yoga may affect depression, including mindfulness promotion and exercise, while noting that existing clinical trials were encouraging but methodologically limited.
Uhls, Y.T., Michikyan, M., Morris, J., Garcia, D., Small, G.W., Zgourou, E., & Greenfield, P.M. (2014). Five Days at Outdoor Education Camp Without Screens Improves Preteen Skills with Nonverbal Emotion Cues. Computers in Human Behavior, 39, 387-392.
Cited in
- The 2012 Cliff: When Smartphones Replaced Conversation
  Provided the critical recovery evidence: five days without screens produced measurable improvement in nonverbal emotion recognition, supporting the interpretation that empathy decline is a practice gap, not a permanent loss.
- 5 Days Without Screens Made Kids Better at Reading Emotions
  The primary study demonstrating that five days of screen removal and increased face-to-face interaction measurably improved preadolescents' nonverbal emotion recognition on validated measures, establishing the practice-deficit model for screen effects on social skills.
Ulrich, R.S., Simons, R.F., Losito, B.D., Fiorito, E., Miles, M.A., & Zelson, M. (1991). Stress recovery during exposure to natural and urban environments. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 11(3), 201-230.
Cited in
- Nature as Medicine: Why 120 Minutes Outdoors Changes Your Brain
  Demonstrated that nature visual stimuli accelerate physiological stress recovery (heart rate, skin conductance, muscle tension) compared to urban stimuli, providing the foundation for stress recovery theory as a complement to Kaplan's cognitive restoration framework.
- Nature Exposure and Anxiety
  Demonstrated that nature visual stimuli accelerate physiological stress recovery across heart rate, skin conductance, and muscle tension, supporting the sensory engagement section's recommendations.
Ulrich, R.S. (1984). View Through a Window May Influence Recovery from Surgery. Science, 224(4647), 420-421.
Cited in
- Noise, Crowds, and Overstimulation: The Environmental Triggers of Anxiety
  Foundational study showing hospital patients with nature window views recovered faster and used less pain medication, demonstrating that even passive visual access to natural environments modulates stress recovery.
Ulrich, R.S., et al. (2008). The role of the physical environment in the hospital of the 21st century. Center for Health Design.
Cited in
- When the Doctor's Office Becomes the Hardest Room to Enter: Medical Appointment Anxiety
  Found that natural light, nature views, noise reduction, and comfortable seating each independently reduced patient anxiety by 15-25%.
Unutzer, J., Katon, W., Callahan, C.M., Williams, J.W., Hunkeler, E., Harpole, L., Hoffing, M., Della Penna, R.D., Noel, P.H., Lin, E.H., et al. (2002). Collaborative care management of late-life depression in the primary care setting: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 288(22), 2836-2845.
Cited in
- You Don't Have to Call It Anxiety: How to Ask for Help When the Word Doesn't Feel Like You
  The IMPACT trial showed collaborative care with a dedicated care manager produced 2-3x higher engagement and significant symptom improvement compared to usual care for older adults.
Ury, W. (2007). Getting Past No: Negotiating in Difficult Situations. Bantam Books.
Cited in
- Conflict Resolution Practice: Having the Hard Conversation
  Established the 'going to the balcony' and 'stepping to their side' principles showing that demonstrating understanding before seeking it increases influence in conflict.
Ussher, M., Spatz, A., Copland, C., Nicolaou, A., Cargill, A., Amini-Tabrizi, N., & McCracken, L.M. (2014). Immediate effects of a brief mindfulness-based body scan on patients with chronic pain and clinical staff. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 42(3), 340-352.
Cited in
- The Body Scan: Finding and Releasing Tension You Didn't Know You Had
  Demonstrated that even a single 10-minute body scan with no prior experience produces significant anxiety reduction, establishing the low entry threshold for the practice.
Utz, R.L., Carr, D., Nesse, R., & Wortman, C.B. (2002). The Effect of Widowhood on Older Adults' Social Participation. The Gerontologist, 42(4), 522-533.
Cited in
- Grief and Anxiety: The Overlooked Connection After Loss
  Found that widowed older adults reported higher informal social participation, such as contact with friends, than continuously married peers, while formal participation levels were comparable between the two groups.
- Rebuilding a Life After Loss: What Widowhood Actually Does to Anxiety
  Documented how widowhood changes social participation patterns and daily task demands, showing that the practical restructuring of daily life is a major source of distress distinct from grief.
Valentiner, D.P., Mounts, N.S., Durik, A.M., & Gier-Lonsway, S.L. (2011). Shyness Mindset: Applying Mindset Theory to the Domain of Inhibited Social Behavior. Personality and Individual Differences, 36(7), 1579-1592.
Cited in
- Dating and Social Anxiety: What the Research Shows About Romantic Connection
  Demonstrated through structural equation modeling that avoidance-oriented coping strategies, not reduced approach motivation, account for the relationship initiation deficit in social anxiety.
Valkenburg, P. M., Beyens, I., Brussee, L., Pouwels, J. L., & van Driel, I. I. (2022). Social media browsing and adolescent well-being: Challenging the 'passive social media use hypothesis'. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 27(1), zmab015.
Cited in
- Teen Social Media and Anxiety: What the Longitudinal Studies Show
  Person-specific analysis of 2,155 Dutch teens revealing heterogeneous effects: 54% showed no effect, 25% positive effects, and 21% negative effects, demonstrating that social media impact is not universal.
Valkenburg, P.M. & Piotrowski, J.T. (2017). Plugged In: How Media Attract and Affect Youth. Yale University Press.
Cited in
- The Group Chat She Wasn't In: Social Media Pressure Before Age 13
  Introduced the Differential Susceptibility to Media Effects Model, framing media effects as moderated by dispositional, developmental, and social factors.
Valkenburg, P.M., Piotrowski, J.T., Hermanns, J., & de Leeuw, R. (2016). Developing and Validating the Perceived Parental Media Mediation Scale. PsycTESTS Dataset.
Cited in
- The Group Chat She Wasn't In: Social Media Pressure Before Age 13
  Found restrictive mediation effective for children under eight but showing diminishing returns as children enter the preteen years.
- Screens at Bedtime Aren't the Only Problem: A Research-Based Look at Screen Time and Child Anxiety
  Validated the taxonomy of parental mediation strategies (restrictive, active, supervisory) and found that combined active-restrictive approaches outperform restriction alone.
Valles-Colomer, M., Falony, G., Darzi, Y., et al. (2019). The neuroactive potential of the human gut microbiota in quality of life and depression. Nature Microbiology, 4(4), 623-632.
Cited in
- Gut Feelings Are Real: The Microbiome-Anxiety Connection
  Identified butyrate-producing Faecalibacterium and Coprococcus as consistently associated with quality of life in a large population (N=1,054), with depletion of Coprococcus and Dialister in depression even after controlling for antidepressant use.
Valtorta, N.K., Kanaan, M., Gilbody, S., Ronzi, S., & Hanratty, B. (2016). Loneliness and Social Isolation as Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Observational Studies. Heart, 102(13), 1009-1016.
Cited in
- Loneliness Is as Dangerous as Smoking
  Established that poor social relationships are associated with 29% increased risk of coronary heart disease and 32% increased risk of stroke, linking loneliness to specific cardiovascular outcomes beyond all-cause mortality.
van Baarsen, B., van Duijn, M.A.J., Smit, J.H., Zwinderman, A.H., & Knipscheer, K.C.P.M. (2002). Patterns of Adjustment to Partner Loss in Old Age. Omega: Journal of Death and Dying, 44(1), 5-36.
Cited in
- Grief and Anxiety: The Overlooked Connection After Loss
  Distinguished temporal patterns in bereavement loneliness: emotional loneliness (missing the attachment figure) was immediate and persistent, while social loneliness increased gradually as the couple-based network eroded.
Van Cauter, E., Leproult, R., & Plat, L. (2000). Age-Related Changes in Slow Wave Sleep and REM Sleep and Relationship With Growth Hormone and Cortisol Levels in Healthy Men. JAMA, 284(7), 861-868.
Cited in
- Why 3am Belongs to You: Understanding Nighttime Anxiety in Later Life
  Demonstrated elevated nocturnal cortisol nadir and earlier cortisol awakening response in older adults, establishing the hormonal component of pre-dawn anxiety vulnerability.
Van de Ven, N., Zeelenberg, M., & Pieters, R. (2009). Leveling Up and Down: The Experiences of Benign and Malicious Envy. Emotion, 97(5), 833-846.
Cited in
- The Comparison Antidote: Turning Envy Into Information
  Established the benign-malicious envy distinction as qualitatively different emotional experiences with distinct appraisal patterns and divergent behavioral outcomes.
Van de Ven, N., Zeelenberg, M., & Pieters, R. (2012). Appraisal Patterns of Envy and Related Emotions. Motivation and Emotion, 36(2), 198-210.
Cited in
- The Comparison Antidote: Turning Envy Into Information
  Experimentally demonstrated that perceived controllability of an envied advantage causally determines whether benign or malicious envy emerges.
Van den Berg, A.E., & Custers, M.H.G. (2011). Gardening Promotes Neuroendocrine and Affective Restoration from Stress. Journal of Health Psychology, 16(1), 3-11.
Cited in
- Gardening as Nervous System Regulation: The Science of Digging In
  Randomized crossover study showing gardening reduced cortisol significantly more than indoor reading after a laboratory stressor, with full mood restoration in the gardening condition.
van den Hout, M., Muris, P., Salemink, E., & Zandbergen, M. (2001). Autobiographical memories become less vivid and emotional after eye movements. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 40(2), 121-130.
Cited in
- A Self-Soothing Touch Practice That May Help Quiet Repetitive Anxious Thoughts
  Proposed the working memory taxation model for EMDR, showing that bilateral eye movements reduce memory vividness by competing for limited working memory resources, a mechanism paralleled by havening's concurrent cognitive tasks.
van den Hout, M.A., & Engelhard, I.M. (2012). How Does EMDR Work?. Journal of Experimental Psychopathology, 3(5), 724-738.
Cited in
- The Eye-Movement Technique From Trauma Therapy That You Can Use Anywhere
  Synthesized a decade of experimental evidence showing that horizontal eye movements reliably reduce the vividness and emotionality of recalled distressing images, establishing the working memory competition account as the dominant explanatory framework.
van den Hout, M.A., Engelhard, I.M., Beetsma, D., & Slofstra, C. (2011). EMDR and Mindfulness: Eye Movements and Attentional Breathing Tax Working Memory and Reduce Vividness and Emotionality of Aversive Ideation. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 42(4), 423-431.
Cited in
- The Eye-Movement Technique From Trauma Therapy That You Can Use Anywhere
  Directly tested the working memory account by comparing tasks varying in visuospatial demand, confirming that the degree of visuospatial competition predicts the magnitude of vividness and emotionality reduction.
- The Butterfly Hug: Cross Your Arms, Tap Gently, and Notice What Happens
  Provided the working memory competition model for bilateral stimulation, showing that dual-task conditions during recall reduce image vividness (d=0.74) and emotionality (d=0.53).
van der Bruggen, C.O., Stams, G.J.J.M., & Bogels, S.M. (2008). Research Review: The Relation Between Child and Parent Anxiety and Parental Control: A Meta-Analytic Review. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49(12), 1257-1269.
Cited in
- When Helping Hurts: How Overprotection Can Feed Anxiety
  Confirmed the bidirectional nature of the overprotection-anxiety link through observational studies, showing stronger effects in clinical samples (d=0.58) and documenting that anxious children elicit more controlling behavior from parents.
van der Helm, E., Yao, J., Dutt, S., Rao, V., Saletin, J.M., & Walker, M.P. (2011). REM Sleep Depotentiates Amygdala Activity to Previous Emotional Experiences. Current Biology, 21(23), 2029-2032.
Cited in
- What REM Sleep Does to Your Fear Memories: The Overnight Therapy Hypothesis
  Directly tested the Overnight Therapy hypothesis by showing that selective REM deprivation prevents overnight emotional recalibration, leaving fear memories at full intensity.
van der Kolk, B. (2014). The Body Keeps the Score: Brain, Mind, and Body in the Healing of Trauma. Viking.
Cited in
- Dance and Movement: Using Rhythm to Regulate the Nervous System
  Clinical and theoretical support for body-based therapies accessing traumatic material and chronic autonomic dysregulation that verbal therapies may miss, supporting why dance addresses anxiety at the body level rather than only the cognitive level.
- Can Therapy Through the Body Work? What the Research Actually Shows
  Argued influentially that trauma is encoded somatically and that body-level interventions may be necessary for people whose distress isn't adequately addressed by cognitive approaches alone.
- Dance It Out: Using Rhythmic Movement to Discharge Anxiety
  Made the clinical case that chronic anxiety becomes encoded somatically and that body-based interventions access this stored tension through proprioceptive feedback in ways verbal approaches may not reach.
van IJzendoorn, M.H., & Kroonenberg, P.M. (1988). Cross-Cultural Patterns of Attachment: A Meta-Analysis of the Strange Situation. Child Development, 59(1), 147-156.
Cited in
- It's Just Daycare, Right? The Science Behind Separation Anxiety in Toddlers
  Confirmed that separation protest is universal across 8 countries and 32 samples, with within-country variation exceeding between-country variation.
Van Lierde, K.M., Claeys, S., De Bodt, M., van Cauwenberge, P. (2007). Long-Term Outcome of Hyperfunctional Voice Disorders Based on a Multiparameter Approach. Journal of Voice, 21(2), 179-188.
Cited in
- When Your Voice Shakes: The Body Science Behind Tremor and Anxiety
  Found that most patients treated for hyperfunctional voice disorders still showed some vocal strain years later, with speaking too loudly remaining the primary driver of continued vocal difficulty.
Van Overwalle, F. (2009). Social Cognition and the Brain: A Meta-Analysis. Human Brain Mapping, 30(3), 829-858.
Cited in
- The Social Brain: Why Your Nervous System Craves Connection (Even When Anxiety Says Otherwise)
  Distinguished between the mentalizing system (mPFC, TPJ) for inferring enduring traits and beliefs, and the mirror system (IFG, IPL) for understanding immediate actions, showing that social cognition involves multiple parallel neural systems.
van Solinge, H. & Henkens, K. (2008). Adjustment to and Satisfaction with Retirement: Two of a Kind?. Psychology and Aging, 23(2), 422-434.
Cited in
- Retirement and Identity: When Losing Your Role Triggers Anxiety
  Dutch longitudinal study quantifying that involuntary retirement was the strongest predictor of adjustment difficulty, followed by work role attachment and limited non-work social network.
van Tulleken, C., Tipton, M., Massey, H., & Harper, C.M. (2018). Open water swimming as a treatment for major depressive disorder. BMJ Case Reports.
Cited in
- Cold Water Exposure
  Single case study of sustained depression remission following graduated cold water swimming, illustrating the potential of supported, progressive protocols despite methodological limitations.
Vandepitte, S., Van Den Noortgate, N., Putman, K., et al. (2016). Effectiveness of respite care in supporting informal caregivers of persons with dementia: A systematic review. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 31(12), 1277-1288.
Cited in
- Caregiver Anxiety: The Hidden Toll of Caring for Someone You Love
  Revealed the dissociation between subjective satisfaction with respite (high) and objective burden/anxiety measures (small, inconsistent effects), highlighting that breaks alone don't address hypervigilance or guilt.
VandeWalle, D., & Cummings, L.L. (1997). A Test of the Influence of Goal Orientation on the Feedback-Seeking Process. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82(3), 390-400.
Cited in
- Request Feedback: The Exposure of Inviting Evaluation
  Demonstrated that ego-involvement and goal orientation moderate feedback-seeking behavior, with performance-oriented individuals showing greater avoidance when self-concept is threatened.
Vannucci, A., Flannery, K.M., & Ohannessian, C.M. (2017). Social Media Use and Anxiety in Emerging Adults. Journal of Affective Disorders, 207, 163-166.
Cited in
- Social Media Comparison: How Curated Lives Amplify Inadequacy
  Demonstrated that greater social media use was associated with increased anxiety in emerging adults (N=563, ages 18-22) even after controlling for personality variables, supporting social media as an independent contributor to anxiety.
Vansteenkiste, M. & Ryan, R.M. (2013). On Psychological Growth and Vulnerability: Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Need Frustration as a Unifying Principle. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 23(3), 263-280.
Cited in
- The Three Things Every Human Needs — Connection Is One
  Demonstrated that need frustration predicts psychopathology above and beyond low need satisfaction, establishing the critical distinction between environments that neglect connection and those that actively undermine it.
- The Boundary Visualization
  Demonstrated that need frustration actively produces psychopathology rather than merely leaving a gap, directly relevant to the cumulative harm of chronic boundary suppression.
Vaportzis, E., Clausen, M.G., Gow, A.J. (2017). Older Adults Perceptions of Technology and Barriers to Interacting with Tablet Computers: A Focus Group Study. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1687.
Cited in
- You Don't Have to Love Technology: Working Through Tech Anxiety on Your Own Terms
  Qualitative evidence that fear of irreversible action ('pressing the wrong button') is the most commonly reported barrier to technology use, above vision difficulty or cost.
Vasa, R.A., Keefer, A., Reaven, J., South, M., & White, S.W. (2016). Priorities for Advancing Research on Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Co-occurring Anxiety. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46(3), 925-939.
Cited in
- More Than Just Quirky: When ADHD, Autism, or Sensory Differences Bring Anxiety Along Too
  Comprehensive review documenting assessment challenges in ASD-anxiety, including atypical interoceptive processing as an anxiety pathway and the failure of standard tools to capture anxiety in alexithymic populations.
Vassilopoulos, S.P. (2005). Social anxiety and the effects of engaging in mental imagery. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 29(3), 261-277.
Cited in
- Visualization and Mental Rehearsal
  Showed that pre-event positive imagery reduces social anxiety and improves observer-rated social performance, with the strongest effects when imagery is followed by actual social exposure.
- Say Hello First: Initiating Greetings with Neighbors
  Showed anticipatory processing intensity correlates with perceived encounter probability, explaining why near-certain daily neighbor encounters produce maximal pre-encounter anxiety.